The Effect of Loading and Unloading Delays and Truck Fleet Readiness on Operating Performance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v14i3.4199Keywords:
Fleet Readiness, Logistics Management, Operational Performance, Truck Operations, Unloading EfficiencyAbstract
Operational performance is a critical factor in logistics management, directly affecting service quality, customer satisfaction, and overall company efficiency. Delays in unloading processes and the readiness of the truck fleet are common challenges that can hinder smooth operations. This study aims to examine how unloading delays and truck fleet readiness influence operational performance. A quantitative research method was employed, with data collected through questionnaires distributed to 30 operational staff members. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26, including validity and reliability tests and multiple linear regression analysis. The results indicate that both unloading delays and truck fleet readiness have a significant impact on operational performance, both individually and collectively. The coefficient of determination shows that approximately 55.3% of operational performance variation is explained by these factors, while the remaining portion is influenced by other variables outside the scope of this study. These findings highlight the importance of optimizing unloading efficiency and ensuring fleet readiness to enhance overall operational performance.
Downloads
References
Amin, N. F., Garancang, S., & Abunawas, K. (2023). Konsep umum populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian. Jurnal Pilar, 14(1), 15-31.
Anna, A., Nurmalasari, N., & Rohayani, Y. (2021). Penerapan metode waterfall dalam perancangan sistem informasi akuntansi pengiriman barang. Jurnal Sistem Informasi Akuntansi, 1(1), 1–9.
Apriyani, R., Riduan, M., & Veronica. (2020). Keselamatan kerja dan penanganan peti kemas terhadap kinerja operasional pada perusahaan pelayaran. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Transportasi dan Logistik, 6(2), 115-120.
Asbullah, Ginting, D., & Suparman. (2024). Analisis keterlambatan dan efisiensi kegiatan bongkar muat petikemas di terminal PT Prima Terminal Petikemas Belawan. Journal of Social Science Research, 4(1), 10156–10166.
Asmarajaya, I. K. A., Sanjaya, K. O., Putra, D. M. D. U., Mahendra, G. S., & Hasanah, F. N. U. (2021). Sistem informasi keuangan pada perusahaan kost elit dengan metode waterfall. Jurnal Swabumi, 109(5), 456-459.
Ayutia, Y., Malisan, J., Veronica, V., Marpaung, E., & Samputra, M. N. (2023). Analysis of delays and the effectiveness of containers loading and unloading performance on revenue of KM Logistik Nusantara 4 at PT. Pelni (Persero) Tanjung Priok Branch. Advances in Transportation and Logistics Research, 6(1), 137-147.
Barbashin, V. K., Hashimov, E. G., Talibov, A. M., & Akhundov, R. G. (2025). Enhancement of operational readiness via predictive maintenance and network optimization. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 4(23), 34-39.
Dinka, S. P., Salsabilah, Z. P., & Nilawati, L. (2022). Penerapan metode waterfall dalam rancang bangun sistem informasi penggajian berbasis web. Artikel Ilmiah Sistem Informasi Akuntansi, 2(2), 156-166.
Dmitriev, A. (2025). Optimizing fleet utilization in a moving logistics company. Helsinki: Theseus.
Fischer, H. E., Boone, W. J., & Neumann, K. (2023). Quantitative research designs and approaches. In Handbook of research on science education (pp. 28-59). London: Routledge.
Fitri, I., & Lubis, S. N. (2025, February). Factors influencing the opening of regional shipping routes in the aceh region to enhance regional development and global connectivity. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1452, No. 1, p. 012046). New York: IOP Publishing.
Friswell, R., & Williamson, A. (2019). Management of heavy truck driver queuing and waiting for loading and unloading at road transport customers’ depots. Safety Science, 120(2), 194-205.
Ghanad, A. (2023). An overview of quantitative research methods. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis, 6(08), 3794-3803.
Haslindah, A., Haslinah, A., & Rahmatullah, R. (2022). Analisa kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja karyawan Pt. Industri Kapal Indonesia (PT. IKI) Persero Makassar. Journal Industrial Engineering and Management (JUST-ME), 3(02), 67-74.
Jamari, H. (2023, May). Factors that influence delay time in loading and unloading goods at warehouses: case study at century total logistics Sdn Bhd. In 3rd Universitas Lampung International Conference on Social Sciences (ULICoSS 2022) (pp. 404-410). New York:Atlantis Press.
Khomenko, Y., Okorokov, A., Matsiuk, V., Zhuravel, I., & Pavlenko, O. (2025). Revealing the causes of delays at transit points along an intermodal grain supply chain. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 4(2), 12-19.
Marzialia, M., Rossit, D.A., & Toncovicha, A. (2022). Order picking and loading-dock arrival punctuality performance indicators for supply chain management. Engineering Management in Production and Services, 14(1), 45-49.
Mukhtarov, A. (2023). Challenges and optimisation issues in logistics and truck loading in the connected states. Economics & Education, 8(3), 6-11.
Muzondo, P. J., Matowanyika, K., & Chipangamate, N. (2025). Integrating IoT in public transport logistics: A systematic review of fleet management and safety in Zimbabwe’s supply chain. Dibon Journal of Business, 1(3), 219-242.
Myrzabekov, N. M., Karazhanov, A. A., Murzagaliev, A. Z., Alipbayev, Z. R., & Kokayev, U. S. (2025). Dump truck operational efficiency: A case study of the Don Mining and Processing Plant. International Journal of Transport Development and Integration, 9(1), 78-87.
Ndubi, S.O., Iravo, A.M., & Ochiri, G. (2016). Effect of lead time variability on inbound logistics performance. International Academic Journal of Procurement and Supply Chain Management, 2(2), 23-29.
Nurfitriana, E., Apriliah, W., Ferliyanti, H., Basri, H., & Ratnawati, R. (2021). Implementasi model waterfall dalam sistem informasi akuntansi piutang jasa penyewaan kendaraan pada Pt. Tricipta Swadaya Karawang. Jurnal Interkom, 15(1), 36-45.
Oszczypała, M., Ziółkowski, J., & Małachowski, J. (2022). Analysis of light utility vehicle readiness in military transportation systems using Markov and semi-Markov processes. Energies, 15(14), 5062.
Oteri, O. J., Onukwulu, E. C., Igwe, A. N., Ewim, C. M., Ibeh, A. I., & Sobowale, A. (2023). Cost optimization in logistics product management: strategies for operational efficiency and profitability. International Journal of Business and Management Forthcoming, 5(2), 67-69.
Özcan, S., Oflaç, B. S., Tokcaer, S., & Özpeynirci, Ö. (2024). Mastering timely deliveries using dynamic capabilities: perspectives from logistics service providers and shippers. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 35(5), 1653-1677.
Paradise, G., & Ginting, D. (2024). Sistem kinerja trucking untuk memperlancar pengiriman barang pada PT. Elang Sriwijaya Perkasa Palembang. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 4(1), 2279-2289.
Pulungan, E. D. (2024). From archipelago to maritime hub: indonesia’s quest to become the world’s new maritime axis. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Sosial, 10(2), 106-117.
Rahman, F. F. N., Shabrina, A. N., Samosir, J. R., & Alfaridi, N. (2021). The influence of employee performance and delivery fleet readiness on smooth distribution at PT Rafly Trans Utama. 5778(2), 623–636.
Rikardo, D., Saleh, S., & Nurrahman, M. H. (2023). Optimalisasi penerapan keselamatan kerja dalam upaya pencegahan kecelakaan kru pada saat bekerja di Kapal MV. Cepat. Journal Marine Inside, 8(2), 46-52.
Samoylov, O.O., & Simanenkov, A.L. (2025). Automation technologies in ship systems maintenance: problems and ways to improve through cross-sector experience. Journals Uran, 4(2), 30-39
Sanchez-Rodrigues, V., & Potter, A. (2010). The impact of logistics uncertainty on sustainable transport operations. Int. J. of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 40(12), 56-67.
Sibarani, M.H.M., Tampubolon, B.M., & Herawati, S. (2024). Optimizing loading/unloading processes for sustainable transportation management. Jurnal Abdidas, 4(1), 88-98.
Singh, V., Sharma, M. P., Jayapriya, K., Kumar, B. K., Chander, M. A. R. N., & Kumar, B. R. (2023). Service quality, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty: A comprehensive literature review. Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences, 10(4S), 3457-3464.
Situngkir, F., & Ginting, D. (2023). Skema penanganan alur kegiatan petikemas di depo pada pt. prima indonesia logistik belawan. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 3(6), 8567-8581.
Suriani, N., & Jailani, M. S. (2023). Konsep populasi dan sampling serta pemilihan partisipan ditinjau dari penelitian ilmiah pendidikan. IHSAN: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 1(2), 24-36.
Syamil, A., La Ode, N., Rosariana, B. C., Aristy, L. M., & Liesl, R. (2025). The roles of agility, supply chain sustainability, and risk management on operations performance in manufacturing industry. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 13(3), 1387-1398.
Vieira, J.G.V., & Fransoo, J.C. (2015). How logistics performance of freight operators is affected by urban freight distribution issues. Transport Policy, 37(2), 201–210.
Wang, M. (2018). Impacts of supply chain uncertainty and risk on the logistics performance. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 30(2), 123-129.
Waruwu, M. (2023). Pendekatan penelitian pendidikan: metode penelitian kualitatif, metode penelitian kuantitatif dan metode penelitian kombinasi (Mixed Method). Jurnal pendidikan Tambusai, 7(1), 2896-2910.
Widyawati, N., & Hinriyani, E. (2020). Analisis keterlambatan dan efektifitas kinerja bongkar muat petikemas terhadap pendapatan terminal mirah. Majalah Ilmiah Bahari Jogja, 18(1), 103-115.
Zakharov, N. S., Sapozhenkov, N. O., & Nazarov, V. P. (2025). The impact of maintenance frequency on the service life of internal combustion engines. Architecture, Construction, Transport, 5(2), 109-117.
