AI Adoption, Work Pressure, and Psychological Resilience: Effects on Job Satisfaction and Employee Performance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v14i1.4482Keywords:
AI Adoption, Employee Performance, Job Satisfaction, Psychological Resilience, Work PressureAbstract
Digital transformation has encouraged organizations to adopt Artificial Intelligence (AI), which has important implications for employees’ working conditions and performance. This study aims to analyze the effects of AI adoption, work pressure, and psychological resilience on job satisfaction and its implications for employee performance in Bekasi, Indonesia. The study uses a quantitative approach with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Data were collected from 200 employees who are involved in AI-based organizational systems. The results show that AI adoption has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction (β = 0.134; t = 1.856) and employee performance mediated through increased task efficiency and more accurate decision-making. In contrast, work pressure has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction (β = 0.372; t = 4.614), indicating that excessive job demands can reduce job satisfaction and performance. Psychological resilience emerges as an important factor in maintaining emotional stability and employees’ ability to adapt to stress, which positively affects job satisfaction. Furthermore, job satisfaction has a direct effect on employee performance, showing that more satisfied employees tend to perform better. This study concludes that successful AI integration requires a balance between technological innovation and employee well-being, supported by resilient development programs and supportive organizational policies.
Downloads
References
Afdalia, N., Sabilalo, M. A., & Tambunan, R. (2021). Pengaruh kepuasan kerja dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Grapari Telkomsel Cabang Kendari. SIGMA: Journal of Economic and Business, 4(2), 125–140.
Albalá-Genol, J., Díaz-Fúnez, P. A., & Mañas-Rodríguez, M. Á. (2023). Resilience and job satisfaction: Effect of moderated mediation on the influence of interpersonal justice on the performance of public servants. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 2957-2967.
Alioğulları, Z. (2021). The mediating role of psychological resilience in the effect of organizational identification on job satisfaction. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Business and Economics.
Almosawi, F., Aldoseri, N., & Al-Sartawi, A. (2024). The impact of artificial intelligence accounting systems on workforce productivity and job satisfaction. In Business analytical capabilities and artificial intelligence-enabled analytics: Applications and challenges in the digital era (Vol. 2, pp. 431–450). Cham: Springer.
Andajani, E. (2015). Understanding customer experience management in retailing. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 211(8), 629–633.
Asfahani, A. M. (2024). Nurturing the scientific mind: Resilience and job satisfaction among Saudi faculty. Frontiers in Psychology, 15(9) 1341-1355.
Avcı Taşkıran, T., Gürbüz, B., & Doğan, M. (2024). Psychological resilience and organizational commitment: Mediating role of job satisfaction. Research in Sport Education and Sciences, 26(2), 66–74.
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands–resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273–285.
Bouzari, M., & Karatepe, O. M. (2020). Does optimism mediate the influence of work–life balance on hotel salespeople’s life satisfaction and creative performance? Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 19(1), 82–101.
Clore, G. L., Gasper, K., & Garvin, E. (2012). Affect as information. In Handbook of affect and social cognition (pp. 122-145). New York: Psychology Press.
Durmuş, A., Ünal, Ö., Türktemiz, H., & Öztürk, Y. E. (2024). The effect of nurses’ perceived workplace incivility on presenteeism and turnover intention: The mediating role of work stress and psychological resilience. International Nursing Review, 71(4), 960–968.
Egenius, S., Triatmanto, B., & Natsir, M. (2020). The effect of job satisfaction on employee performance through loyalty at credit union corporations. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 7(10), 480–489.
Enok, F. M., & Wijono, S. (2023). Pengaruh stres kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan di PT Sky Investment Indonesia. Jurnal Talenta Psikologi, 12(1), 30–37.
Ghozali, I. (2018). Aplikasi analisis multivariate dengan program IBM SPSS 25. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro.
Giuntella, O., Konig, J., & Stella, L. (2025). Artificial intelligence and the well-being of workers. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 2087-2097.
Gooding, P. A., Hurst, A., Johnson, J., & Tarrier, N. (2012). Psychological resilience in young and older adults. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 27(3), 262–270.
Gultom, P., Sipayung, A. B. R., & Hasibuan, G. A. A. (2024). The effect of work discipline, motivation, and work stress on employee job satisfaction. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Kesatuan, 12(5), 669–676.
Hadi, M. H., Fitroh, & Nuryasin. (2025). Strategi adopsi AI dalam perusahaan di berbagai sektor: Tinjauan sistematis. Jurnal Nasional Komputasi dan Teknologi Informasi, 8(1), 154–162.
Hadiyanto, I. F., & Prasadjaningsih, O. (2025). Analisis pengaruh beban kerja, stres kerja, dan work–life balance terhadap kebahagiaan di tempat kerja melalui psychological capital. Transekonomika: Akuntansi, Bisnis dan Keuangan, 5(2), 707–726.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R: A workbook. Cham: Springer Nature.
Hakro, T. H., Jhatial, A. A., & Chandio, J. A. (2022). Employee turnover intentions: Investigating the role of work overload, job satisfaction, employee engagement, and job stress. Research Journal of Social Sciences and Economics Review, 3(2), 71–82.
Handoko, M., Goh, T. S., Julitawaty, W., & Syawaluddin, S. (2022). Pengaruh komunikasi dan stres kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan PT Bank BTPN Tbk. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 6(2), 15659–15664.
Herzberg, F. (1966). Work and the nature of man. Cleveland, OH: World Publishing Company.
Hoşgör, H., & Yaman, M. (2022). Relationship between psychological resilience and job performance among Turkish nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Nursing Management, 30(1), 44–52.
Hou, J., He, Y., Zhao, X., Thai, J., Fan, M., Feng, Y., & Huang, L. (2020). The effects of job satisfaction and psychological resilience on job performance among residents of the standardized residency training: A nationwide study in China. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 25(9), 1106–1118.
Istanti, E. (2025). Dampak penerapan teknologi Artificial Intelligence (AI) terhadap praktik MSDM. EKONOMIKA45: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi Bisnis, Kewirausahaan, 12(2), 726–742.
Kassa, B. Y., & Worku, E. K. (2025). The impact of artificial intelligence on organizational performance: The mediating role of employee productivity. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 11(1), 474-484.
Kaur, K., & Randhawa, G. (2017). Organizational climate & commitment: An analysis of food processing industry of Punjab. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 53(2), 265–276.
Komari, N. (2023). Effect of job pressure on employee performance in Indonesia. Enrichment: Journal of Management, 13(3), 121-131.
Kowal, J., & Szymczonek, S. (2023). Psychological resilience and job satisfaction and the effectiveness of social media marketing employees. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 6(8), 14-25.
Kundi, Y. M., Sardar, S., & Badar, K. (2022). Linking performance pressure to employee work engagement: The moderating role of emotional stability. Personnel Review, 51(3), 841–860.
Labrague, L. J. (2021). Psychological resilience, coping behaviours and social support among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review of quantitative studies. Journal of Nursing Management, 29(7), 1893–1905.
Mantas-Jiménez, S., Lluch-Canut, M. T., Roldán-Merino, J., Reig-Garcia, G., & Juvinyà-Canal, D. (2022). Resilience and job satisfaction among out-of-hospital emergency medical service professionals: A cross-sectional multi-centric study. Journal of Nursing Management, 30(6), 2084–2092.
Mubarok, D. H., & Sopiah, S. (2023). Work stress and burnout: Systematic literature review (SLR) and bibliometric analysis. Transekonomika: Akuntansi, Bisnis dan Keuangan, 3(5), 877–886.
Mustapa, A. N., & Mahmood, R. (2016). Knowledge management and job performance in the public sector: The moderating role of organizational commitment. International Journal of Research, 28(7), 28–36.
Nakata, A. (2017). Long working hours, job satisfaction, and depressive symptoms: A community-based cross-sectional study among Japanese employees in small- and medium-scale businesses. Oncotarget, 8(32), 53041–53052.
Nawaz, N., Arunachalam, H., Pathi, B. K., & Gajenderan, V. (2024). The adoption of artificial intelligence in human resources management practices. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 4(1), 208-217.
Nceong, A., Hasmin, E., Sjahruddin, H., & Halim, A. (2025). Peran mediasi kepuasan kerja pada pengaruh kecerdasan emosional dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai. Management Studies and Entrepreneurship Journal (MSEJ), 6(2), 744–762.
Pebriasanty, N. D., Sukarno, G., & Anwar, M. (2024). The role of job satisfaction in mediating the influence of work pressure and work overload on turnover intention at PT Administrasi Medika Indonesia. International Journal of Business and Applied Economics, 3(4), 567–582.
Putri, K. M. H., & Werdini, Y. E. (2025). Artificial intelligence adoption, job insecurity, and psychological resilience: Challenges for employee adaptation in future work environments. International Journal of Issue Science, 1(5), 571-518.
Rimadias, S., Emir, S., & Nabila, R. (2025). Persepsi Generasi Z terhadap pemanfaatan Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam meningkatkan kinerja karyawan di tempat kerja. Ekopedia: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi, 1(2), 417–432.
Ripai, M. T., Nabila, A. T., Setiani, & Iryanto, F. D. (2025). Artificial intelligence and human resource adaptability to employee performance: The mediating role of job satisfaction. Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting, 25(10), 230–243.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2019). Organizational behaviour (17th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.
Sabuhari, R., Sudiro, A., Irawanto, D. W., & Rahayu, M. (2020). The effects of human resource flexibility, employee competency, organizational culture adaptation and job satisfaction on employee performance. Management Science Letters, 10(8), 1777–1786.
Sajjadi, M. (2025). The mediating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between job burnout dimensions with job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Iranian Journal of Organizational Psychology, 2(2), 171-175.
Sarker, I. H. (2022). AI-based modeling: Techniques, applications and research issues towards automation, intelligent and smart systems. SN Computer Science, 3(2), 158-178.
Setiawan, D., & Sopiah. (2022). System literature review occupational stress: An overview analysis bibliometrics. Journal of Management, Accounting, General Finance and International Economic Issues, 2(1), 343–356.
Shahrbabaki, P. M., Abolghaseminejad, P., Lari, L. A., Zeidabadinejad, S., & Dehghan, M. (2023). The relationship between nurses’ psychological resilience and job satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic: A descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study in Iran. BMC Nursing, 22(1), 137-145.
Soulami, M., Benchekroun, S., & Galiulina, A. (2024). Exploring how AI adoption in the workplace affects employees: A bibliometric and systematic review. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, 7(8), 147-172.
Suhara, A. (2025). Human capital strategies to address artificial intelligence challenges in the contemporary work environment. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 13(5), 3793–3802.
Surya, V., Purwati, W. D., & Pamungkas, R. A. (2023). Work engagement as mediator of competence and self-efficacy of service quality. Riset: Jurnal Aplikasi Ekonomi Akuntansi dan Bisnis, 5(1), 55–71.
Tresita, P. V. M., Aboobaker, N., & Devi, U. N. (2023). Family incivility and burnout: A moderated mediation model of life satisfaction and psychological capital. Evidence-Based HRM: A Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship, 11(4), 541–557.
Witara, K. (2025). Pengaruh implementasi artificial intelligence dalam pengelolaan sumber daya manusia terhadap kinerja dan produktivitas: Systematic literature review (SLR). Jurnal Riset Manajemen dan Ekonomi (JRIME), 3(4), 122–141.
Wolf, T., Metzing, M., & Lucas, R. E. (2022). Experienced well-being and labor market status: The role of pleasure and meaning. Social Indicators Research, 163(2), 691–721.
Xu, G., Xue, M., & Zhao, J. (2023). The relationship of artificial intelligence opportunity perception and employee workplace well-being: A moderated mediation model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3), 1974-1988.
