The Impact of Competence on Job Satisfaction and Performance: Moderating Effects of Work Environment, Motivation, and Digital Adoption

Authors

  • Iwan Budiherwanto Politeknik API Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  • Tri Nur Rohmah Politeknik API Yogyakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v14i1.4598

Keywords:

Competence, Digitalization Adoption, Employee Performance, Job Satisfaction, Motivation

Abstract

Enhancing employee performance within the education sector has gained significance due to rising professional expectations and the rapid pace of digital transformation. Employee skills are viewed as a crucial element in improving job satisfaction and employee performance; nevertheless, their influence may differ based on organizational circumstances. This research intends to explore the effect of competence on job satisfaction and employee performance while considering work environment, motivation, and digitalization adoption as moderating factors. The study was carried out with all personnel from public junior high schools, comprising a total population of 384 participants. Primary data were gathered via an online questionnaire, resulting in a response rate of 76.6%. The analysis of the data was performed using linear regression and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results show that competence greatly influences job satisfaction, both directly and as influenced by the work environment. In addition, competence greatly enhances employee performance, and this impact intensifies with increased motivation and digitalization adoption. This research finds that adopting digital tools in education significantly enhances employee performance and can serve as a strategy for gaining a competitive advantage.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Alkandi, I. G., Khan, M. A., Fallatah, M., Alabdulhadi, A., Alanizan, S., & Alharbi, J. (2023). The impact of incentive and reward systems on employee performance in the Saudi primary, secondary, and tertiary industrial sectors: A mediating influence of employee job satisfaction. Sustainability, 15(4), 3415-3422.

Aryandhi, E., Indarto, I., & Santoso, D. (2024). Key factors influencing instructor performance at the semarang vocational training and productivity center. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 12(6), 2435–2446.

Awan, F. H., Dunnan, L., Jamil, K., & Gul, R. F. (2023). Stimulating environmental performance via green human resource management, green transformational leadership, and green innovation: a mediation-moderation model. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(2), 2958-2976.

Bayar, M. (2024). Analysis of the effects of digital literacy on employees’ job satisfaction: Ankara Ostim Organized Industrial Site (OIS) example. Tec Empresarial, 6(1), 12-24.

Bayona, J. A., Caballer, A., & Peiró, J. M. (2020). The relationship between knowledge characteristics’ fit and job satisfaction and job performance: The mediating role of work engagement. Sustainability, 12(6), 2336-2345.

Bienkowska, A., & Tworek, K. (2020). Job performance model based on employees’ dynamic capabilities (EDC). Sustainability, 12(6), 2250-2267.

Bolli, T., & Pusterla, F. (2022). Decomposing the effects of digitalization on workers’ job satisfaction. International Review of Economics, 69(2), 263–300.

Chang, Y. C., Yeh, T. F., Lai, I. J., & Yang, C. C. (2021). Job Competence and intention to stay among nursing assistants: The mediating effects of intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(12), 6436-6447.

Chien, G. C., Mao, I., Nergui, E., & Chang, W. (2020). The effect of work motivation on employee performance: Empirical evidence from four-star hotels in Mongolia. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 19(4), 473–495.

Choi, J., Oh, J., & Kim, J. (2022). Relationship between active seniors’ job change and life satisfaction: Serial multiple mediation effects of person–job fit and job satisfaction. The Career Development Quarterly, 70(4), 327–341.

Dhir, S., Dutta, T., & Ghosh, P. (2020). Linking employee loyalty with job satisfaction using PLS–SEM modelling. Personnel Review, 49(8), 1695–1711.

Dorta-Afonso, D., González-de-la-Rosa, M., Garcia-Rodriguez, F. J., & Romero-Domínguez, L. (2021). Effects of high-performance work systems (HPWS) on hospitality employees’ outcomes through their organizational commitment, motivation, and job satisfaction. Sustainability, 13(6), 3226-3243.

Fahmi, P., Saluy, A. B., Safitri, E., Rivaldo, Y., & Endri, E. (2022). Work stress mediates motivation and discipline on teacher performance: Evidence from work-from-home policy. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 12(3), 80–89.

Fitriany, N., & Mudjijah, S. (2024). The influence of motivation, compensation, and Competence on employee performance mediated by job satisfaction (Case study at Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan). International Journal of Finance Research, 5(3), 371–389.

Ginting, P. S. B., & Rizky, M. C. (2024). Analysis of employee training and development management strategy. Prosiding Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Dharmawangsa, 2(2), 123–130.

Goetz, N., & Wald, A. (2022). Similar but different? The influence of job satisfaction, organizational commitment and person–job fit on individual performance in the continuum between permanent and temporary organizations. International Journal of Project Management, 40(3), 251–261.

Goldan, L., Jaksztat, S., & Gross, C. (2023). How does obtaining a permanent employment contract affect the job satisfaction of doctoral graduates inside and outside academia?. Higher Education, 86(1), 185-208.

Granic, A. (2024). Technology adoption at individual level: Toward an integrated overview. Universal Access in the Information Society, 23(2), 843–858.

Hajiali, I., Kessi, A. M. F., Budiandriani, B., Prihatin, E., & Sufri, M. M. (2022). Determination of work motivation, leadership style, employee competence on job satisfaction and employee performance. Golden Ratio of Human Resource Management, 2(1), 57-69.

Hanarita, N., Yuniarsih, T., Hadijah, H. S., & Disman, D. (2025). The influence of competence and job satisfaction on the performance of midwives in the city of Tasikmalaya. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, 8(1), 24-35.

Herwina, Y. (2022). The influence of competence on employee performance: Investigation of automotive companies. International Journal of Management and Business Applied, 1(1), 1–8.

Howard, J. L., Slemp, G. R., & Wang, X. (2025). Need support and need thwarting: A meta-analysis of autonomy, competence, and relatedness supportive and thwarting behaviors in student populations. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 51(9), 1552-1573

Inayat, W., & Jahanzeb Khan, M. (2021). A study of job satisfaction and its effect on the performance of employees working in private sector organizations, Peshawar. Education Research International, 2021(6), 1–10.

Kitsios, F., & Kamariotou, M. (2021). Job satisfaction behind motivation: An empirical study in public health workers. Heliyon, 7(4), 123-143.

Lee, B., Lee, C., Choi, I., & Kim, J. (2022). Analyzing determinants of job satisfaction based on two-factor theory. Sustainability, 14(19), 1257-1267.

Mardanov, I. (2021). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, organizational context, employee contentment, job satisfaction, performance and intention to stay. Evidence-Based HRM: A Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship, 9(3), 223–240.

Marikyan, D., & Papagiannidis, S. (2023). Technology acceptance model. London: TheoryHub Book.

Maulana, H., & Tanesab, J. P. (2025). The influence of competence on employee performance through motivation and job satisfaction at Sekolah Luar Biasa Negeri 11 Jakarta. Dinasti International Journal of Education Management and Social Science, 6(6), 123-132.

Ngwenya, B., & Pelser, T. (2020). Impact of psychological capital on employee engagement, job satisfaction and employee performance in the manufacturing sector in Zimbabwe. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 46(1), 1–12.

Nugraha, F. A. A., Ahyani, N., & Rohana. (2024). The effect of digital literacy and motivation on teachers’ performance. Journal of Social Work and Science Education, 5(1), 1–11.

Nursaid, Fathiah, K. S., Martini, N. N. P., Sanosra, A., & Qomariah, N. (2021). The impact of competence and work environment on employee motivation and performance in the financial and asset management division. General Management, 22(185), 52–63.

Pan, L., Haq, S. U., Shi, X., & Nadeem, M. (2024). The impact of digital competence and personal innovativeness on the learning behavior of students: Exploring the moderating role of digitalization in higher education quality. SAGE Open, 14(3), 7-18.

Putri, N. P. T. S. E., Merta, I. K., & Yusnimi, N. M. (2024). Analysis of influence transformational leadership, work motivation on performance of state-owned enterprises employees in Bali. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 12(5), 2025–2032.

Riyanto, S., Endri, E., & Herlisha, N. (2021). Effect of work motivation and job satisfaction on employee performance: Mediating role of employee engagement. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 19(3), 162–174.

Santoso, A. B., & Oktafien, S. (2024). The impact of a conducive work environment on improving employee performance. Manajemen dan Bisnis, 23(1), 69-80.

Shah, S., & Ayub, M. (2021). The impact of person–job fit and person–organization fit on job satisfaction. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management, and Innovation, 3(1), 57–76.

Siddiq, A. M., Muttaqin, R., & Wijaya, F. (2023). The effect of competence on job satisfaction and its impact on employee performance at the culture and tourism office of East Belitung Regency. Journal of Management Science (JMAS), 6(3), 289–297.

Singgih, E., Iskandar, J., Goestjahjanti, F. S., Fahlevi, M., Nadeak, M., Fahmi, K., & Purwanto, A. (2020). The role of job satisfaction in the relationship between transformational leadership, knowledge management, work environment and performance. Solid State Technology, 63(2), 293–314.

Taki, R., Paramata, M. R., & Suyanto, M. A. (2023). The influence of competence, motivation, work environment, and job satisfaction on employee performance in the Department of Public Works and Spatial Planning of Gorontalo City. International Journal of Education, Social Studies, and Management, 3(2), 24–34.

Yildiz, K., Akoğlu, H. E., Emir, E., Angosto, S., & García-Fernández, J. (2025). The perceived effect of digital transformation and resultant empowerment on job performance of employees in the fitness family business. Journal of Family Business Management, 15(1), 102-121.

Downloads

Published

2026-01-31

How to Cite

Budiherwanto, I., & Rohmah, T. N. (2026). The Impact of Competence on Job Satisfaction and Performance: Moderating Effects of Work Environment, Motivation, and Digital Adoption . Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 14(1), 793–804. https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v14i1.4598